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3 min

Man with a Movie Camera

持摄影机的人

1929

Dziga Vertov

Soviet Union · Documentary / Experimental film / City symphony · 68 min

No actors, no script, no intertitles. A cameraman carries his machine through Moscow, Kyiv and Odesa from dawn to dusk — and the film folds its own shooting and editing into the finished work.

Man with a Movie Camera still

01Why this film today

If the previous film asks whether images can restore the truth, this one inverts the question: the truth was cut together from the start. In 1929 Vertov laid the camera, the tripod, the editing table and the strips of film in front of the lens so audiences could watch a film being manufactured. Ninety-seven years later, every clip we scroll past has passed through the same procedure — only the editing table has gone invisible.

02Film details

Chinese title
持摄影机的人
English title
Man with a Movie Camera
Director
Dziga Vertov / 吉加·维尔托夫
Year
1929
Country
Soviet Union / 苏联
Language
Silent film
Genre
Documentary / Experimental film / City symphony / 纪录片 / 实验电影 / 城市交响曲
Runtime
68 min

03About the film

天还没亮,一座城市在睡梦中。摄影师起身,扛起机器,开始他一天的拍摄:工人上班、机器转动、婴儿出生、婚礼与离婚、送葬的队伍、运动员跃起、女工在流水线上包装香烟。与此同时,另一双手在剪辑台上把这些胶片剪开、拼接、倒放、重叠——而这两件事,都被拍进了同一部电影。

04Why it is a classic

Ranked 8th in Sight & Sound's 2012 critics' poll of the greatest films of all time and 9th in 2022; ranked first in the same magazine's 2014 documentary poll. Metacritic aggregates 96/100 and Rotten Tomatoes reports 98% positive reviews. It is regarded as the summit of the city-symphony form and the ancestor of nearly every self-reflexive film since — before it, almost no one had turned the camera on the cinema itself.

05What to notice

  • 全片约 1,775 个独立镜头,剪辑节奏约为 1929 年常规故事片的四倍。《纽约时报》当时的评论专门抱怨了这一点。

  • 片首字幕明确宣告这是一次「无字幕卡、无剧本、无演员、无布景」的电影实验,目标是建立一种不依赖戏剧与文学的、纯粹属于电影的语言。

  • 片中密集使用了多重曝光、快动作、慢动作、定格、跳切、分屏、荷兰角、倒放与定格动画;其中一个段落让架在三脚架上的摄影机自行站起,展示完自己的机械结构后走出画面。

  • 镜头前的「持摄影机的人」是维尔托夫的兄弟 Mikhail Kaufman,剪辑台上的人是维尔托夫的妻子 Yelizaveta Svilova——影片把自己的制作团队也拍成了片中角色。

  • 首映时评价冷淡,爱森斯坦批评它是「无意义的摄影机流氓行为」;直到数十年后它才被重新认定为影史里程碑。2015 年,阿姆斯特丹 EYE 电影博物馆依据唯一已知的完整 35mm 拷贝完成了修复。

06Before you watch

68 分钟,无声,无字幕卡,不依赖情节,第一次看可能会觉得「太快、太碎」。建议挑一个配乐版本观看——从 1996 年 Biosphere 的电子版到 2002 年 The Cinematic Orchestra 的爵士版都有人推崇;把它当成一部视觉音乐而不是故事片,会顺畅得多。它今天的语法意外地接近 MV 与影像装置。

07In one line

For the first time the cinema stopped narrating the world and turned its lens on itself: look — this is how I see you.

Read the interpretationVertov puts the editing table on screen: the "real" city was cut together from the very beginning.Read the interpretation

Sources

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